Health Digest Daily » Disorder

The Unfortunate Epidemic: Sexual Abuse in the Autistic World

Sunny — Thu, 16 Sep 2010 04:29:58 +0000

One of the most perverse problems in an autistic individual's life is the threat of sexual abuse. This can come in the form of rape or simply be in an abusive relationship. Because autistic people spend much of their lives feeling different and left out, they often enjoy sexual experiences for one reason: it puts then on a playing field equal to others. It is very easy for this to become a controlling part of a relationship. The most important thing to remember is that autistic people experience sexuality in much of the same way that others do, no matter how highly functioning they may be. Parents should teach their child about sexuality from an early age in order to prevent sexual abuse from happening.

The most valuable command that anyone can learn in relationship to sexuality is "No." Teaching this to even children can be very useful. In this respect, treat your autistic child as no different than you would another child-teach him or her the parts of the body from a young age and be very clear, as the child matures, about what happens during puberty and what kinds of behaviors are appropriate and inappropriate. Be sure that your child understands the differences between good touches and bad touches. This can be extremely difficult for autistic children who are sensitive to touch in general. It may be helpful to label "zones" on the body where no one should touch without permission.

Also make sure that as your autistic child grows into an adult, he or she understands what rape is and what to do if this happens. As many autistic children are hands-on learners, it may be best to role-play some potentially dangerous situations. If your child communicates non-verbally, teach him or her clear signs to show a person to stop what they are doing. Autistic people can often not understand that others have their own thoughts and emotions-they believe that everyone thinks and feels what they do. Because of this, many are shocked to find that "bad" people in the world will take advantage of sexual situations. You may need to explain to an autistic individual what kinds of dress and conduct are appropriate in public so that he or she is not unknowingly attracting sexual attention.

You child should learn to respect his or her body and understand that others need to respect it as well. This is only possible if parents and educators teach autistic children about their bodies from a young age. By learning how to stop sexual abuse, you can keep you children, autistic or not, safe from predators.

Robotic Hugs: How a Hug Can Help Your Autistic Child

Sunny — Mon, 26 Jul 2010 10:45:08 +0000

Autistic children and adults often seek pressure in a variety of ways to calm themselves and cope with sensory overload. Oftentimes, hugs and squeezes from other people can cause more distress because autistic children or adults are often unable to communicate their needs by indicating a particular amount or length of pressure. This is both frustrating and ineffective for both the autistic person and whoever is hugging or squeezing them.

The hug machine was created to help relive this frustration, putting autistic individuals in control of their situation. Both children and adults who suffer from autism sometimes crave pressure to help calm anxiety. Because of this, one woman with autism developed the hug machine, also known as a hug box or a squeeze machine. The hug machine has two padded sideboards connected near the bottom of the boards to form a V-shape. A lever helps push the sideboards together to create pressure; the lever also allows the autistic child or adult the ability to control the amount and length of pressure.

Studies are still being conducted to find out why those with autism respond to pressure and how it can produce a calming effect. The hug machine may affect the heightened sensory perceptions of those with autism who often feels disruptive or distressing behavior. By applying pressure, perhaps the autistic child or adult moves his or her focus to a single feeling-the pressure-which in turn produces a calming effect. For many autistic children and adults, anxiety can be completely incapacitating. Not being able to function with the anxiety is frustrating, and so appropriate social behavior is even more difficult. Sometimes, the only release from such anxiety is through pressure. To this day, the hug machine is used by several programs and researchers studying autism as well as therapy programs.

Remember that hugging or squeezing an autistic child may not help him or her. You may, in fact, increase their senses and cause more anxiety. Though you may not be able to purchase a hug machine, you may be able to create a similar object. Try wrapping the autistic child or adult in a blanket, where they can control how much pressure to apply. You can also look into buying padded boards that more closely simulate the hug machine's side-boards and perhaps tie or tape some heavy-duty yarn to each side to allow the autistic child or adult control over how much pressure to apply and for how long. Contact your child's school to see if there has been any interest in purchasing a community hug-machine. This may not be a cure to all your child's problems, but it works well to help many autistic individuals cope with the world.

Dietary Concerns: Glutton and Casein

Sunny — Mon, 12 Jul 2010 03:30:04 +0000

Autism is a disorder that must be treated with a variety of methods since there is no effective way to completely cure it. One of the ways you can help keep the symptoms of autism under control is by studying diet. Parents of children with autism have reported that by controlling diet, they see a significant difference in their child's behavior. Two of the main dietary concerns are glutton and casein.

Glutton is a substance found in many common food products, with wheat, rye, and oaks being the main culprits. Casein is found in dairy products, such as milk. If you or your child with autism eats many foods with these products in them, such as breads or cheeses, you may be able to better control autistic behavior by decreasing consumption of such foods.

The difficulty in digesting both glutton and casein comes from an inability to digestively handle the peptides in these substances. Since they are not broken down as in a normal body, these extra peptides are absorbed into the blood stream. Elevated levels of peptides disrupt major brain functions, contributing to the effects of autism. By cutting foods containing glutton and casein out of you or your child's diet, you can help the body with the process of breaking down the peptides present in the body. To see if you or your child has a high absorption rate of these peptides, your doctor can administer a simple urine test.

Speak to a nutritionist or doctor before making any major changes in your diet. When you decide to cut glutton and casein from your diet, do not attempt to do this all at once. Cutting anything from your diet suddenly is unhealthy, and your body could go into withdrawal. Instead, slowly begin reducing the amounts of breads, grains, and milk products until you are eating none. You doctor can provide you with a complete list of all the foods containing glutton and casein if you truly want to cut them all from your diet. However, it may be necessary to get the nutrients that you find in glutton and casein products in another way, such as with dietary supplements. Again, your doctor can help in this decision. Overall, maintaining a balanced diet is the healthiest thing to do. Leaving glutton and casein products out of your or your child's diet may help control autistic behavior, so it is an option that should be considered, but eating a healthy diet altogether is the best way to keep you and your family healthy.

Are We There Yet? Family Vacations with Autistic Children

Sunny — Mon, 03 May 2010 20:00:06 +0000

Although planning a family vacation with children may make any parents pull out his or her hair, it can be a rewarding experience for everyone in the end. It is no different if you have an autistic child in the family. The important thing to remember is that you need to be prepared for whatever life throws your way. To an autistic child, vacations can be scary and confusing, or they can be a great learning experience, leaving behind wonderful memories the entire family can enjoy.

First, choose your location based on your autistic child's needs. For example, if he or she is sensitive to sound, an amusement park is probably not the best idea. Quieter vacations are possible at small beaches and by going camping. Overall, you should be able to find a location that everyone in the family enjoys. Once there, plan out your days accordingly. For example, you may want to see attractions very early or late in the day to avoid crowds. You also might want to consider taking your vacation during the off-season, if you children's school work will not be disrupted. These gives your autistic child more comfort if he or she is nervous in crowded situations, and provides you with piece of mind. When choosing a location, also note how far it is from you home. How will you get there? If you have to deal with an airport, remember that security may have to touch your child and be prepared for this.

Choose a location and activities that everyone can enjoy, but also that provide learning and social interaction opportunities for your autistic child. For example, a child that does not like touch sensations may enjoy the soft sands of a beach, and the waves can provide a very different kind of feeling for him or her. Being outside, a beach is also a great place for your child to yell without disrupting others. Children who are normally non-responsive may benefit from a museum, where they can ask questions and you can ask questions of them.

Remember that most people on vacation at the location you choose will have never dealt with autism before. Try to be understanding of their ignorance-but also stick up for your child if he or she is being treated unfairly. Know your child's constitutional laws, and also be willing to compromise. For example, if a restaurant is reluctant to serve you after your child caused a scene there last night, explain the situation and ask if it would be possible to take your food to go, even if this is normally not done. Try not to be rude to people; staring often happens, but instead of snide comments or mean looks, ignore them as much as possible and focus on having a good time with your family

The Terrible Teens – Dealing with Autistic Teenagers

Sunny — Sun, 07 Feb 2010 00:45:12 +0000

For most parents, one of the most trying times in their lives is during their child's teenage years. When puberty hits, young adults go through serious changes in their bodies and minds, and parents have little or no control over many situations. In an autistic child, puberty is no different. Although your autistic child is not experiencing puberty in quite the same ways as others his or her age, major hormonal changes still occur in the body. This can lead to extreme results, and this can be either good or bad depending on how your child reacts to the new hormone levels.

One of the scariest side effects of changes in an autistic person's body is the onset of seizures. Many autistic individuals experience seizures from birth to adulthood, but even if your child does not suffer from these episodes, he or she may begin to experience seizures during puberty and afterwards, due to the new levels of hormones in the body. Strange as it may sound, violent shaking seizures are not necessarily a bad thing. Almost a quarter of autistic children experience seizures, but many go undetected because they are not textbook versions of seizures. If you recognize that your child is experiencing a seizure, you can do something about it, and doctors will be able to better treat your child. However, if the seizures are subconsciously happening, you and your child may not realize it. The result of these small hidden seizures can be a loss in function, which can be devastating, especially if you child was improving before puberty. Regular check-ups during puberty, therefore, are extremely important.

The changes might not necessarily be a bad thing. New hormone levels in the body and the other changes associated with puberty might help your autistic child grow and succeed in areas in which he or she normally had no skill or interest. Many parents report that their child's behavior improved, and that learning in social settings was easier.

The important thing about puberty is to learn to monitor the changes in your child very carefully and to ask your doctor lots of questions. Remember that puberty is a difficult experience for any young adult, and so it will be even more difficult for someone with autism. Try to practice patience and understanding with your teen, and be careful to regulate his or her autism so that the transition from child to adult will go more smoothly.

Know Your Rights: Laws and Autism

Sunny — Mon, 23 Nov 2009 23:30:07 +0000

If you or your child has autism, some of the most basic things you can study and learn are your rights. Every American citizen is protected under the constitution, and there are special laws that have been passed to help protect people with autism and other disabilities. By knowing the laws that protect you or your autistic loved ones, you can live in a world that provides better opportunities to everyone, regardless of not only disability, but also race, gender, and ethnicity. This is simply the first step to creating a more tolerant world in general.

The first law with which you should become acquainted is I.D.E.A., or the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. The I.D.E.A. covers children ages 3 to 21 and provides autistic children with the special educational programs they need. The I.D.E.A. gives parents the right to be involved with education decisions concerning their child made by the school. Your child first needs to be assessed to qualify under the I.D.E.A., and this is best done by a private professional. In the end, your child has the right by law to receive a free public education that is appropriate for his or her skill level. If your public school has no such program, they are required to find one or create one at no cost to you.

Also become familiar with and knowledgeable about the American Disabilities Act. Under this act, discrimination due to disability is prohibited in the workforce, as well as with state and local government, public accommodations, the United States Congress, public transportation, and telecommunications. For example, if you are autistic, but have the skills to do a certain job, you cannot be refused the job because of your autism.

Other laws provide rights for people with autism so that they are constitutionally equal to others. One such law says that people with autism have the right to vote, and accommodations must be made so that this is possible. Another says that autistic individuals cannot be refused housing based on disability. Others provide equal rights in all other aspects of life, and these should especially be studied if your loved one with autism is in a health care institution. By knowing the law and how it applies to yourself or others with autism, you can be sure that justice is upheld. If you have questions, local law officials should be ready and willing to answer you or provide you with material to answer your own questions. Remember that ignorance of the law is not a valid excuse for anyone, so be an advocate for yourself or others with autism to prevent mistreatment.

Autistic Children and the Strain on Marriage

Sunny — Tue, 27 Oct 2009 07:15:04 +0000

Unfortunately, in modern times, many marriages end in divorce or separation. This statistic rises even higher when you mix in an autistic child. No matter how loving and understanding you both may be towards your child, the truth is that autism is a very difficult matter, and strain on the marriage is not uncommon. By trying to stay positive about your situation, and by working to keep your marriage healthy, you and your spouse can avoid marital problems and hopefully survive the trying times of raising an autistic child.

Why did you marry your husband or wife? By asking yourself this question often, you can focus on the good things in your marriage. Raising a child with autism is stressful, and if you are stressed, you have a tendency to snap at another person for the smallest missteps. Instead of focusing on these bad qualities, take some time to enjoy one another the way you did at the beginning of the relationship. This may include spending some time apart from your children. When you find out that your child is autistic, it is beneficial to make sure that you and your spouse are not the only two people with whom your child will respond. A grandparent, aunt or uncle, mature sibling, or nanny are good people to have in your child's life in the most intimate way possible. This way, alone time with your spouse is possible.

Work together with your spouse to help you child, instead of fighting with one another. It is very likely that you will have different ideas about what to do in certain situations, so be prepared to compromise and always seek professional consultations before making any medical decisions for your child. By working together, remember that you are giving your child the best opportunities. Try to set apart time every week to spend together as a family, especially if one parent or the other is the primary caregiver.

Lastly, seek help when you need it. Part of any successful marriage is spending some time apart to focus on individual needs, and it is no different when you have an autistic child. However, if you find that you and your spouse are not happy unless you are spending time alone, it is time to reevaluate the situation. A family or marriage counselor can help you and your spouse get back on the right track to a happy life together. It might also be beneficial to meet other couples raising autistic children. You are not alone, and it is never easy. By making an effort to keep your marriage happy, even when you are stressed with the task of raising an autistic child, you and your spouse can ensure that your marriage does not end in a messy divorce.

Smooth Transitions: School to Work

Sunny — Thu, 03 Sep 2009 08:45:03 +0000

One of the most major transitions in any person's life is that from school to work. In high school or college, many people lead a protected life and are still helped financially and otherwise by their parents. After school, these ties are often cut, leaving the recent graduate to fend for his- or herself. This transition is scary for anyone, but even more so for an individual with autism. Because school is a time to learn to live with peers in a controlled environment, the work force is a difficult concept for autistic people because one must often deal with new situations daily rather than have the comfort of a set living situation.

One of the main things autistic graduates need to learn is how to deal with people in a business world. This includes proper grooming, something that may not have been such a big deal in high school or college. Proper grooming, such as brushing your teeth, wearing appropriate clothing, using deodorant, and combing your hair probably comes natural for most people, but an autistic person needs help with these tasks-he or she may not realize that they are being inappropriate. By this stage in life, many autistic individuals who have gone through schooling are at a maturity level where they can do the task assigned with no problem and avoid outbursts in most situations. In fact, it has been shown that some autistic individuals are highly skilled at tasks involving things such as math or music. Learning a new job in the work force is not the problem-relating to others in a social situation is.

These relationship problems also, unfortunately, help people take advantage of autistic individuals. Most people who suffer from autism believe that all people are like themselves, and inherently good. In business, it is sadly very common to come across companies and business people who do not practice ethically. This often shocks autistic individuals, who may have no idea how to handle this sort of situation. Others in the work force may also not be skilled to deal with autism, leading to bad relationships among employees. By hiring an autistic individual, employers must not only teach them their new job, but also provide direction for others who have to work with him or her. Intolerance in the work force is common, and autistic individuals need to be prepared for this.

Overall, it is important for people with autism to realize that there will be a major change between life in high school or college and life in the work force. It is probably very beneficial for these individuals to seek help in the transition from therapists, family members, or mentors. Going from school to work is difficult, but with a little motivation and hard work anyone, autistic or not, can succeed.

The Unfortunate Epidemic: Sexual Abuse in the Autistic World

Sunny — Wed, 27 May 2009 09:30:04 +0000

Types of Eating Disorders

Sunny — Thu, 12 Feb 2009 22:15:11 +0000

Individuals suffering from an Eating Disorder adopt harmful eating habits which disturb their physical health. It is a syndrome, an illness, usually occurring in teenage girls and women, but can be found in men too. It is caused due to psychiatric and other disorders like depression and anxiety disorders, resulting in poor nutrition that damages body organs and even resulting in death in some extreme cases. Eating depends on several physical and psychological factors around the person and disturbs the bodily activities.

Types of Eating Disorder -

Three major types of eating disorders can be commonly seen – Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder.

Anorexia Nervosa:

Anorexia Nervosa usually begins at a young age and involves starvation. The worst aspect of this disorder is that they are convinced that they are overweight and try shedding off the excess, which leads to excessive weight loss (at least 15% below the normal body weight). Individuals have the fear of gaining weight and so stick to rigorous exercise routines, get into the habit of measuring every food item for the calorie intake, and even adopt strange eating habits and refuse to eat in front of others. Women with this disorder may suffer from loss of monthly menstrual periods and men suffer from impotency.

Bulimia Nervosa:

People with the condition Bulimia Nervosa consume excessive amounts of food and then get rid of excess calories by vomiting, using laxatives, diuretics or enemas or by way of rigorous exercise routines. Using any or combinations of all the forms of purging, individuals suffering from this condition secretly binge and purge, and manage to maintain normal or above normal body weight, so the problem remains hidden from others for a longer time. Anger, fear and depression can be commonly seen among such people. Ranging from once or twice a week, they can even binge and purge several times in a day. Heavy dieting between binging and purging can also be seen. About half of the people suffering from Anorexia are seen suffering from Bulimia. Beginning at adolescence, this can be seen in women and sometimes men too.

Binge Eating Disorder:

Binge Eating Disorder resembling Bulimia Nervosa involves excessive consumption of food or binging. However, it differs from Bulimia – there is no purging of excess calories. Individuals in this condition lack self control while eating, consume excessive quantities of food until they are uncomfortable, and have difficulty losing weight and keeping it off. Obesity and weight fluctuations can be seen. Reportedly, about 2% of the population, more women than men and about 30% people undergoing medically supervised weight control programs suffer from this disorder.

My Child is Autistic-and I don't Know what to Do…

Sunny — Tue, 03 Feb 2009 15:30:04 +0000

Discovering your child has autism may be a distressing ordeal, and unfortunately, time is of the essence. As a parent, you do not have the time to consider why or how this happened, only what to do next. The most important thing to remember is that you are not alone in your struggle. By researching the disorder and finding others going through similar situations, you can help you child while still dealing with your own emotional response.

Join a support group for parents with autism. You can find these by contacting the national Autism Society of America. From there you can find local branches, many of which offer support groups for parents and families with an autistic child. Being in contact with other parents in a similar situation can not only help you feel less alone, but it can provide you with a myriad of resources. A parent support group will also help point you in the direction of the best doctors, intervention programs, and workshops for both your child and your family. Find a support group for any other children you have as well. Many parents forget that they are not the only ones who must learn to live and communicate with an autistic child. By locating a support group for your other children, you can help them from acting out or acting against the autistic child by teaching them about the illness. As a parent, you must create a supportive environment for the entire family in order to properly manage your child's illness.

Consider marriage counseling if you are married. An autistic child can put serious strain on a marriage, leading to escalating arguments, neglect of each other, and even perhaps blaming each other for the situation. Marriage counseling from the very beginning can help a couple through this discovery and rough transition, and help build a better supportive environment for your children. Your marriage should not end as a result of having an autistic child, but the sad fact is that many of them do. Prevent this by using one another for support and by understanding that you may need help to deal with one another now and in the future.

Most importantly, start on the path to becoming an expert. Many times pediatricians or psychiatrists are not experts on autism, which can lead to improper diagnoses or incorrect treatment options. As your child's best advocate, you must know everything you can about autism. Parents of Autistic Children can be a great resource; this organization offers training and workshops. The ASA has a newsletter and also offers a variety of information, from diagnosing to treating. As always, remember that a support group of parents with autistic children can always provide you with books and research that focus on the reality of the situation. Educate yourself and those around you to provide the most beneficial things for your child-love and guidance.

Teen Eating Disorders

Sunny — Wed, 14 Jan 2009 21:00:13 +0000

An eating disorder is a condition where the person tends to either starve or binge on his food. Teenagers are more likely to face eating disorders either because they subject themselves to torture by overeating or by not eating at all. With the aim of losing weight at all costs, teenagers cope with eating disorders even to the extent of starving themselves to death.

Teen Eating Disorders – starvation

Many teenagers think that the best way to lose weight is to not eat anything. Such people avoid most foods and are quite picky and choosy about anything that they eat. Calorie conscious and taking note of every bit of fat or nutrient content in their food, these modern teenagers try to beat nature by depriving themselves of good food by starving for long periods of time.

Teen Eating Disorders – Overeating and bulimia

Some teenagers have the tendency to overeat at times and then follow it up with induced vomiting to shed off the excess weight they feel they are putting on. These are referred to as cases of bulimia. Bulimia and overeating are observed among school-going teenagers as well. Celebrities and models in magazines often inspire these teenagers. What teenagers do not realize is that eating disorders can wreak havoc in their daily lives.

Teen Eating Disorders – anorexic

Attempting to imitate fashion stars and models can severely affect one's digestive system and the after effects of the same can be dangerous. Disturbing trends among teenagers with regard to eating disorders have made many seek professional help to cope with their health and fitness. Media images of thin models and stars make many teenagers crave thin figures and are very much afraid of becoming fat if they do not control their diet. This often leads to compulsive over control. Media images that project happy and successful men and women with figures like hourglasses, does tend to have a negative effect on impressionable young minds.

Teen Eating Disorders – other causes

Some events are also known to trigger eating disorders among teenagers. Young people who are not sure how to cope with a certain situation may resort to binges or starvation. Many other factors such as relationships, jobs, and social environment among others can cause a person to overeat or not eat for hours together. What teens do not realize is simple eating disorders in their teenage years could lead to major health related problems later on in their lives.

Statistics on Eating Disorders

Sunny — Sat, 03 Jan 2009 12:30:10 +0000

Eating disorders are as prevalent as eating habits in any part of the world. Statistics have just been able to tell us why eating disorders have become daily habits for many people. Although exact figures may not be available for such findings, statistical records that are gradually gaining ground have pointed out the major factors that result in eating disorders across the world.

Men with eating disorders

Statistics reveal that men are less likely to suffer from eating disorders than women. While this may be true for men who are in the age group of twenty-five and above, there has been a considerable increase in the number of teenage boys and young adults who suffer from some kind of eating disorder or other. While some of this may be self-induced, research statistics also reveal other social and environmental factors like weather and work pressure that could lead to eating disorders among men.

Women with eating disorders

A greater percentage of women across the world and across all age groups have been linked with eating disorder problems. In their quest for losing weight and maintaining hourglass figures, women are continuously resorting to starvation, binge eating, overeating and bulimia to keep them looking thin and fit. Statistics reveal that peer pressure and social acceptability are the major factors that cause eating disorders in women.

Countries affected by eating disorders

Statistics on eating disorders from records that are available with health and medical professionals across the world point out those Western countries have a high likelihood and continuing trend of eating disorders. Continuous media coverage also has an indirect impact on the minds of people from such countries. Comparatively non-western countries have reported fewer eating disorder problems. But the availability of data from such countries is less and hence comparisons of such kind are based on records only currently available.

Age Groups affected by eating disorders

Statistics on eating disorders also reveal that problems due to eating disorders are more prevalent among teenagers and young adults. Adults in the age group of thirty and above may also face problems due to eating disorders because of their hectic lifestyles. Many baby boomers have health problems in the later stages of their lives because of erratic eating habits when they were young.

Societal pressures eating disorders

Sunny — Mon, 15 Dec 2008 09:45:13 +0000

Man is a social animal. Every person has three facets to his perosna, one that he knows about himself, another is what others know about him, and the third is what he wants others to know about him. The last said, is the cause of all kinds societal pressures. At every stage of a person's life, there is pressure on a person to be perceived in a particular manner by society. A person who is having an overweight or obesity condition, also faces social stress.

How these pressures are created.

Society has a peculiar habit of advising. Any person who is seen to have any kind of a problem will get un solicited advice from every second person.Naturally, an obese person, draws quite a bit of attention and gets all kinds of advice, suggestions, therapies. With all these, comes the pressure of expectations from society that the person will act upon these suggestions and become a perfect example for others to refer to the next guy on the block.

Coping with such expectations creates stress, and a normally obese person tries to mask his actions. Eating in public view may or may not be his normal dietary routine. I once knew a youngster who was a day boarder in high school and considered overweight. Social pressures within his peer group in school, to look good, athletic and fitter, compelled this teenager too start skipping the two meals he were to have at school. While at home, his mother would have none of his desire to reduce food intake, so he was under another pressure to consume all that was on is plate. Once back in his room at night, he would try and throw up all that he ate. Unfortunately, even this, his other found out and made sure he couldn't flush after dinner. The poor fellow, determined as he was to do away with the intake, concealed plastic bags under his bed, and threw up in these to dispose off in the mornings. Now, if we look at the stress under which the youngster, barely 16, was put through, we understand the situation as below

Social pressure number 1 – At School to look good and fit.
Eating disorder No1 – Compulsive fasting, unplanned and indisciplined.
Result – Under eating, loss of weight, low energy levels, dangerous if unchecked.

Social pressure number 2- At home, to eat heartily so that mom is happy.
Eating disorder No. 2 – Undue overeating and subsequent, simulated expulsion.
Social Pressure No.3 – Not to be seen throwing up.

Social Pressure No4 – to hide the plastic bags and dispose later.

As we see from above, the outcome of all this was no doubt a serious medical condition for the poor fellow and he had to be undergo a prolonged re-habilitation.

Social pressure can induce eating disorders, which may further cause health disorders and even in certain cases, long lasting adverse psychological imprints, especially in growing children.

Doctors and Diagnosing Autism

Sunny — Wed, 03 Dec 2008 15:45:06 +0000

When a doctor first suggests that your child has autism, your immediate reaction might be disbelief and the urge to seek a second, third, or even fourth opinion. Because autism is so different in every child, it is a tricky disorder to diagnose. However, there are a few key ways in which doctors can efficiently identify autism in children, and if your infant or toddler is showing any of these signs of autism, you should visit your pediatrician immediately to express your concerns.

Autism occurs at a young age, rather than being a disorder an older child might develop. It is usually detected before the age of three, and many times much earlier. The first signs or autism are usually delays or regression in speech communication. Another early sign is abnormal behavior in group play situations and other social situations. The first step to diagnosing autism is a thorough physical examination as well as a review of family history by a specialist. Although your regular pediatrician will be able to spot unusual behavior, you'll want your child to be examined by a professional who specializes in autism and other similar diseases to make sure your child is properly diagnosed.

The next step includes hearing tests. Sine language and social skill delays could be due to inadequate auditory sensations. There are two types of auditory tests, one of which records the tones a child can hear and the other of which requires sedation and measures the brain response to certain tones. Of course, the first method is preferred, since it does not require any use of a sedative. After auditory testing, your doctor may encourage testing your child for Fragile X syndrome, which often times goes hand in hand with autism. Metabolism can also be evaluated. To do this, your doctor will need a blood or urine sample to analyze DNA.

An MRI or CAT scan can also be helpful in diagnosing autism. The important thing is to work with doctors you trust. Second opinions can be very helpful, but when your child has been diagnosed, stick with one doctor so that treatment is uniform and so that your child will get used to this person. Autism is difficult to diagnose and even more difficult to treat, so remember that you should begin to learn as much as possible about the disorder as soon as your doctor identifies it. If you have yet to speak with your doctor about abnormal behavior in your child, do so immediately. By detecting autism early, you give your child a better chance at becoming a high-functioning individual with much more opportunities in life.

Pro Eating Disorders

Sunny — Tue, 18 Nov 2008 21:30:05 +0000

What does it mean?

The term stands for the concept of welcoming the very idea of suffering from an eating disorder. Of late, a trend of encouraging eating disorders among the population has started. People actually want to suffer from the eating disorders. The pro eating disorder wave has even gone to the extent of more websites coming up which encourage and support people to get obsessed with it.

What do the pro Eating Disorder websites offer?

These websites promote eating disorders as a part of the modern life style and don't consider them a serious issue. They even teach on how to become super thin and more teens are being targeted. They provide tips on losing weight and maintaining the thin, frail physique, hiding the disorder from others, tips on safe foods that do not add to the calorie intake and figuring out minimum calorie intake. They have forums and chat rooms for like minded people to exchange tips/information and have their own food pyramids with diet pills, diet soda, cigarettes, coffee and so on.

Pro-Anorexia and Pro-Bulimia Websites -

Terms like "pro-ana", "pro-mia" has come to be included in the vocabulary these days, standing for "pro-anorexia" and "pro-bulimia" respectively. These websites are primarily being created by young people, especially women, suffering or recovering from Anorexia or Bulimia or both. The disorders are not seen as illnesses but as old friends and are called "Ana" and "Mia". They strongly support the belief that the disorders are choices rather than physical or mental illness. These websites are a combination of personal stories by people, poetry, tips and bulletins and show people how to become "better" Bulimics and Anorexics.

Who visits these websites?

Girls, especially teenagers are the frequent visitors with the intention of gaining more knowledge and being able to express their feelings freely. They usually support each other and stand for one another in case of an abuse.

Debate regarding these websites -

Since the time these websites have come up, professionals providing physical and psychological treatment for these disorders are debating the extent of damage caused by these websites and whether they have to be shut down. Many believe that shutting them down is the only solution to get the younger generation under control from becoming more pro-ana or pro-mia. However, another debate still continues as to how effective that would be since, anorexia and bulimia are considered lifestyles, not disorders, the pro-ana, pro-mia wave still continues, websites or no websites.

Media's Influence on Eating Disorders- Eating Disorders- Does Media Play a Role?

Sunny — Sun, 02 Nov 2008 19:45:05 +0000

In the present day scenario, mass media is, arguably, the most powerful medium of influence. Especially, television or visual media can have a significant impact on the entire populace. With a tremendous boom happening in the world of mass media with internet and the web world coming of age, people are getting information about anything and everything within a few seconds. It is thus responsible for influencing and changing the lifestyle of the people in a significant way.

Eating Disorders:

Eating Disorders are mainly characterized by over-eating and under-eating, binge-eating, under-nourishment, purging, starving one and such other kinds of maladies. Eating disorders not only affect the physical but also the mental frame of an individual.

Role of Media:

People tend to get influenced by whatever they see on the television. They base their decisions on the information that they get from television and other means of mass media without ensuring their authenticity of the information being shown.

There are different advertisements shown on the television where models with a thin and lean look advertise for beauty products and various other cosmetics. Thus there is an image being portrayed that a thin and lean look is beautiful and that people being fat and having some extra-weight cannot look attractive and become successful. Thus people watching these models, especially, women, want to ape these personalities and hence go on a strict diet with no proper guidance or professional help which causes them to become anorexic. Thus youngsters, mainly, teenage girls, copy the models shown in these advertisements and can deprive themselves of food and necessary nourishment causing eating disorders in the hope of becoming the ideal and flawless woman.

The media portrays an image wherein only women with thin and flawless body-figure can look attractive and many a times a non-perfect body figures are correlated with failures and a below-average success in life. It is impossible for all to attain such a perfect look. However women go on an anorexic diet in an effort to become like the models. It is actually the image shown by the ads that women and young girls want to imitate.

Conclusion:

Everyone must try and maintain a good physique a have a good body-shape. However they must not do it at the cost of sacrificing essential body nutrients and without proper medical guidance. Individuals must also not try to ape advertisements and follow discretion while watching their favorite models in the ads. Ads show models with a flawless physique, but do not show the amount of efforts taken by the models to attain the perfect body shape. Individuals must try to go beyond these images and learn to attain a good physique with balanced diet and regular exercises.

When Lying isn't a Problem: Theory of Mind Difficulties

Sunny — Fri, 17 Oct 2008 08:15:11 +0000

There are many symptoms that an individual with autism may experience; however, one of the most frustrating and hard to understand is what has recently been named Theory of Mind. Within the last few decades, this problem has been more thoroughly discussed and studied, but it is still largely a mystery. Because of Theory of Mind problems, social interactions are even more strenuous for autistic individuals.

Theory of Mind causes these social behavior difficulties in almost every aspect, from playgroups as children to the social world as adults. The concept behind Theory of Mind is that autistic people fail to recognize that other people in the world have different ways of looking at things. Although an autistic person may not be egocentric, he or she probably inherently assumes that everyone thinks, feels, and knows the same things he or she thinks, feels, and knows. Most autistic people have an inability to lie, which is not necessarily a bad thing, but is clearly unnatural. They don't even consider lying an option because they assume everyone knows the truth as they know it.

Because autistic individuals have an inability to lie, they also do not realize that other people do so. In fact, it is a rude awakening for autistic people to find out that others lie or are bad in general. This is especially unnerving when first experienced in the business world, and many autistic individuals do not know how to cope with this. Because they believe that everyone sees the world as they do, it is difficult for them to put themselves in others' shoes. Of course, this can be taught, but it is unfortunately a hard process that those with autism have to constantly remember to do.

Even children have trouble with Theory of Mind-they find it difficult to play games with other children that require keeping a secret. They also often must be reminded of sharing and releasing aggression in ways that are not harmful. Some of an autistic person's frustration may stem from this inability to understand why another is not reacting in a situation in the "correct" way. Autistic children also have a hard time understanding why people don't know certain facts-if they know it, so should everyone else.

Theory of Mind still needs to be studied in order to be able to better understand and treat this symptom of autism. Currently, the best teaching method is continuous social interaction, along with role-playing and other games that require autistic children to see things from many angles. Until modern medicine finds a better answer to Theory of Mind problems, the best thing to do is be patient with autistic individuals and be willing to explain your thought process to them.

Male Eating Disorders

Sunny — Fri, 10 Oct 2008 05:00:11 +0000

Usually men suffer from Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa; however there are also cases of Binge Eating Disorder among men who describe themselves as compulsive eaters.

Facts and Figures -

In today's date, the number of males suffering from eating disorders is increasing. Researches show that twenty years ago, for every 10-15 women with anorexia/bulimia, 1 man suffered while the today for every 4 females, 1 male and for every 8-11 females, 1 male suffer from Anorexia and Bulimia respectively. Binge Eating Disorder found equally in men and women, however, men feel less guilty and anxious after a binge.

More women are reported to be suffering from the disorder because lesser men confess of suffering from the disorder and even under diagnose may also be the reason.

Differences and similarities – In men and women suffering the disorder -

The disorder is usually seen at older ages among males. Usually instances of overweight / obesity are seen among males and underweight, malnourishment is seen among females. The reason for the same being that women are usually encouraged to be thin and in shape, to be able to handle both home and work fronts, also enabling them to attract friends and romantic partners, while men are expected to be strong, build their bodies and be more competitive, to earn acquire power and wealth, and defend and protect females.

Risk Factors among male patients -

Men in professions that demand being thin and being in shape like the models, actors and entertainers are at a higher risk compared to others. Males of gay community are at higher risk as they are judged by their physical attractiveness like the females in a heterosexual community. Men in show business and models doing advertisements for skin and hair care products are expected to look perfect to create an impression on the general population undergo weight loss and workout programs and so are at a higher risk level.

How can men be treated? -

As eating disorders have always been described as usually suffered by females, men are hesitant admitting that they too suffer from the same. And since most of the treatment programs are designed for females keeping in mind their physical and psychological problems and socio-cultural issues, there is a need to design a different treatment programs.

A two step program can be adopted in the treatment process – A physician would be needed to identify the physical problems contributing to or resulting from the disorder, while psychiatrist would help identifying problem areas related to the disorder.

Laxitives Eating Disorders – Laxitive Lessoning

Sunny — Sun, 14 Sep 2008 16:15:04 +0000

For a healthy life the basic thing that an individual must do is have a healthy lifestyle. It is imperative that individuals eat healthy, exercise regularly and follow a healthy routine in life. Eating habits are the key that determine the health of an individual. Eating habits as such can make or break a person's life. Thus when a person suffers from eating disorders, his whole body gets adversely affected. Eating disorders related to laxitives are emerging as a new age disease as a growing number of people have been observed to be suffering from it.

Laxitives Eating Disorders

Laxitives are basically drugs which are used when someone has been suffering from constipation for a long time and require bowel movements. It performs or functions in the colon. However there are people who feel that intake of laxitives would help them in losing excess weight as the food consumed by them would get thrown out of the body. This makes them consume a dangerous amount of laxitives which is dangerous for the body.

Laxitives mainly function in the colon and not in the stomach. Thus by the time the food reaches the colon all the calories and fats are already absorbed by the body. Thus it is no use taking the laxitives as what would get thrown out of the body is simply excess water which is retained in 48 hours. The use of laxatives indiscriminately can cause great trouble for the body and medically it is extremely harmful. Some of the ill-effects of over use of laxatives are as follows:
1) Severe pain in the abdominal parts.
2) Chronic Diarrhea
3) Severe dehydration
4) Bloating
5) Gas
6) Nausea tic sensation and frequent vomiting.
7) Electrolyte disturbances. Muscle weakening
9) Hemorrhaging
10) Seizures
11) Black outs
12) Shallow breathing
13) Chest pains
14) Convulsions
15) Fatigue
16) Blurred vision

Conclusion
There are several other physical problems which arise indirectly due to the consumption of laxatives. To lose weight, regular exercise and controlled diet is the only way out. Use of laxatives is certainly a hazardous path to follow for losing excess weight.

Information on Eating Disorders- Eating Disorders- Did You Know?

Sunny — Tue, 02 Sep 2008 02:45:07 +0000

One of the new age maladies plaguing individuals gravely is the phenomenon of eating disorders. Changing lifestyles, work pressures, stress, media influence and several other factors are responsible for causing eating disorders among individuals.

What are Eating Disorders?

Eating disorder refers to that condition of an individual where he does not follow normal food patterns, with unusual eating habits. He has trouble eating the normal meals. Eating disorders can be very harmful and can also result death of an individual.

Eating disorders displays the following different aspects:

1) People suffer from "Anorexia", which is a kind of an eating disorder. This disorder is characterized by under-eating and starvation by an individual. Individuals refuse to gain more than 500 calories of fats. They are constantly under the fear of weight gain and individuals always feel that they are over-weight.
2) Individuals constantly feel fat, despite losing tremendous amounts of weight. They do not even maintain the normal body weight and their intake do not even constitute the normal quantities of calories and nutrients. Thus there is excessive weight loss.
3) Another kind of eating disorder is "Bulimia" which is characterized by binge eating followed by purging. Bulimia includes eating very large amounts of food in short periods of time, then getting rid of the food and calories through induced vomiting, over-exercising to the point of body-pain and through the use of laxatives.
4) Frequent dieting.
5) Another aspect of eating disorders is binge-eating where individuals eat-excessively. However they do not purge after eating so much but indulge in fasts and extensive dieting.
6) Individuals suffering from this type of eating disorder often have feelings of shame or self-hatred after binge eating. People involved in binge eating may suffer from anxiety, depression, and loneliness, which can aggravate to their binge eating. Individuals' body weight may vary from normal to mild, moderate, or severe obesity.
7) Other kinds of eating disorders include a combination of symptoms of anorexia, bulimia and binge-eating.

Troubles of Eating Disorders:
Individuals suffering from eating disorders normally suffer from the following troubles:
a) Psychological problems like hypertension, depression, anxiety, shame, impulsiveness and such other related troubles.
b) They suffer from digestive problems, dizziness, head-aches and dental problems.
c) Individuals may go through intense emotional and sexual disturbances with even troubles in their relationships.

Conclusion:
Eating Disorders can have extremely adverse effects on the individual's life. It is crucial that individuals understand the importance of a balanced and nutritious diet along with a regular routine of exercise and healthy physical activity. Eating disorders can be easily cured if the individual is determined and has the right attitude.

Sounding Off: How Auditory Stimulation Helps an Hurts and Autistic Child

Sunny — Wed, 27 Aug 2008 11:45:06 +0000

Sounds are a part of our everyday life, and so when dealing with an autistic child who has sensory problems, sound is one of the first things you should learn to control, especially in a learning environment. Sound can both be hurtful and helpful for an autistic child. Because each autistic individual is different, you must closely observe him or her to find out what types of reactions you can expect from auditory sensory stimulation.

Loud or frightening sounds may be the most difficult type of sensory stimulation in an autistic child's life. Many of our routine daily activities include such sounds, hurting the growth process. Autistic children can not and will not learn if they are frightened. For example, parents often find that they have a difficult time toilet training their autistic children. This may be due to the scary sound of the toilet flushing; which could be overpowering to an autistic child. Instead, try using a potty seat away from the actual toilet until they get used to the idea. Another example is loud or crunchy foods. If your autistic child is a picky eater, try to notice specifically which foods he or she blatantly refuses to eat. Sometimes, food simply sounds too loud when crunching in an autistic child's mouth, and these loud noises can hurt his or her ears. If this is the case with your child, provide alternative soft foods instead of crunchy carrots, apples, or potato chips. Other loud sounds, such as a vacuum cleaner, may hurt your child's ears. Try to do these activities when he or she is not in the room, or consider providing your child with earplugs that he or she can use if the world gets too loud.

Sounds can also cause fixation. Some children, for example, constantly hum and seem fixated on the sights and sounds of lawn mowers. Use this fixation to be beneficial. For example, read stories about lawn mowers or use the humming in conjunction with a song. Music is a great way in which autistic individuals can learn, because sound is a form of nonverbal communication. Teachers and parents should use this tool in learning environments. The key is to make sound work for you and your child. Autism is a difficult disorder to handle, so by being sensitive to your child's specific needs, you can help him or her learn to deal with the sounds of everyday life.

History of Eating Disorders

Sunny — Sat, 16 Aug 2008 03:00:09 +0000

What is it?

A condition involving serious problem behaviors regarding food is called an 'Eating Disorder', leading to adoption of harmful food habits. It may be of any type – under-eating, over-eating, vomiting of food after meals, or even taking extreme steps to prevent weight gain by way of excessive exercise or laxative abuse. Two most common types among these are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Teenage girls and women are commonly seen suffering with this disorder, but also found in people with psychiatric disorders like depression and anxiety disorder. In such cases, poor nutrition harms body organs, leading to death in some extreme cases.

History of Eating Disorders -

The history of the disorder dates back to many centuries. Scholarly works in the last few decades show that different periods in history have seen numerous cases of acts of voluntary self starvation in different cultures due to combinations of various social and economic factors leading to anorexic behavior. Anorexia Nervosa is of recent origin (later part of 19th century).

In the Hellenistic Era, there were reports of willful overeating or voracious hunger by the male hermits renouncing the material world and also a group of wealthy Roman ladies.

As the Roman Empire fell, cases of voluntary fasting reduced. During "Dark Ages", with frequent famines, plagues, wars, three cases anorexia were reported, two of them of young women.

During the Renaissance, anorexic behavior reached alarming proportions especially in Southern Europe, in the wealthy urban areas. Holy Anorexia, starvation for religious reasons was adopted by women who were conferred sainthood during the period between 1200 and 1600 A.D. Later, as Reformation redefined European values, holy Anorexia greatly declined.

19th century saw many cases, and Leseque and Gull described Anorexia Nervosa. During the Industrial Revolution, more women joining labor force suffered this disorder.

In 1982, women usually coming from poor families claimed to starve without nourishment, sparking off debate between the church and the scientific materialism, acquired international fame as 'miracle maids'.

Anorexia cases decreased during World Wars and depression and again increased during late sixties. Bulimia Nervosa and a different motivation of the disorder emerged (fear of becoming fat) at the turn of the century.

It can be seen that over the centuries different social factors have influenced the people's psychology thereby resulting in different frequencies of the disorder. The disorder was not seen much when food was scarce, but only after the economy recovered.

Help for Eating disorder

Sunny — Fri, 18 Jul 2008 00:45:05 +0000

Eating disorders hampers body's normal functioning causes long-term health problems. Eating disorders involve disturbances in eating, such as:
1) Not eating enough, starving or limiting calories to very low level.
2) Eating low Calorie food at the expense of a nutritional and healthy diet.
3) Eating huge amounts of food in short period of time
4) Taking drastic measures to reduce or maintain body weight (purging through vomiting; excessive exercise; fasting)

Treatment/Help:
The goal of treatment is to develop a healthy relationship with food, to develop constructive ways to cope with life and its challenges. Treatment needs to address both physical and psychological aspects of eating disorders.

Psychological therapy:
1. Individual therapy as treatment for eating disorders: Anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, low self-confidence, and difficulties with interpersonal relationships, body image concerns, and identity formation are the concerned issues on which therapy is provided.
2. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) – Emphasizes the relationship between thoughts and feelings by focusing on a person's thought processes.
3. Interpersonal therapy -Helps to analyze difficult relationships and how to resolve them
4. Rational Emotive Therapy -Generates awareness on a one's false beliefs.
5. Psychoanalysis therapy – Helps to analyze a person's past experiences and make correction in present behavior.

Family therapy as treatment for eating disorders:
Family therapy involves close members of the patient' family. Expert in this case Family Therapist helps family to develop ways to cope with concern issues. The success of this treatment is dependent on the family being willing to participate and make changes to their behaviors. Family therapy also offers education to family members about eating disorders and how to support the patient.

Group therapy for the treatment of eating disorders
Group therapy provides a supportive network of people who are suffering from same problems. Group addresses issues like alternative coping strategies, root cause of problem, and ways to change behaviors.

Support groups for the treatment of eating disorders
Support groups are not headed by professionals, but by people who have suffered, either personally or indirectly. Support groups differ from therapy groups in that they are intended to offer mutual support, increased understanding, and information.

Online professional support as treatment for eating disorders:
Many people with eating problems do not seek help, as they are ashamed. On-line therapy has also helped many patients.

Medical treatment for eating disorders
Many physical complications can result from an eating disorder. Left unattended, eating disorders can lead to serious health problems or even death.
a) Antidepressants
b) For marinating electrolyte balance

Nutritional counseling
Establishment of a well-balanced diet is essential to recovery. Nutritional counseling and advice can help the person to identify their phobia about food and the complications of not eating well. Information about the nutritional value of food is also important as victim has misconception about food.

Warning: The above-recommended treatments are a general guide. Get an expert help.

Gymnastics eating disorders

Sunny — Wed, 02 Jul 2008 19:30:04 +0000

Eating disorders are found in all sports; sports that emphasize leanness for performance and appearance are at a significantly greater risk. Hence, gymnasts, long-distance runners, divers, and figure skaters are more prone to developing eating disorders then those who compete in nonweight-restricting sports such as volleyball or football. In the 1992, a survey carried in America concluded that 51% of the gymnastics programs that responded reported this illness among its team members, a far greater number compare to other sports.

Causes for Eating disorders in Gymnasts
1. Excess weight can hinder performance.
2. Judging gymnastics routines is not as objective. Each judge assigns a score according to his or her own beliefs. Thus, the appearance of the performer may actually influence their perceptions and affect their ultimate decision.
3. A third reason for the greater prevalence of eating disorders among these gymnasts is coaches. As weight impairs performance, coaches overplay this aspect and instruct on weight control.

Relationship between body weight and performance:
Usually it is said that an inverse relationship exists between body weight or composition and athletic performance. The higher the body weight, the poorer the performance and vice versa. One study examined the physiological performance variables needed for skills in the routines of elite gymnasts, such as running speed, jumping height, and hand strength. This investigation found that there was no correlation between body weight and the performance of these behaviors. In a different study, however, it said that weight impinges on performance. Thus there are contradictory views.

Impact of severe weight loss:
Rapid weight loss techniques lead to severe consequences that affect both the performance and the overall health of gymnasts. These include fatigue, nutrient inadequacies, and impaired growth. In women consequences include amenorrohoea (cessation of period). Severe estrogen deficiency causes cessation of menstruation, which leads to bone loss and osteoporosis later in life.

Gender concerns:
Eating disorder often strikes young women who try to evade the natural process of becoming adults. They use drastic measures to maintain a thin and girlish figure. Today's female gymnast must maintain girlish figure to stay reach top. For them, the onset of womanhood is scary as it means developing hips or breasts that might impinge their performance. As demonstrated by such famous gymnasts as Kathy Johnson and Nadia Comaneci who have struggled with eating disorders themselves, women's gymnastics seems "designed for the disease".

Measures Required:
1. Developing better criteria for judging a gymnasts performance.
2. Educating Coaches and Judges about the eating disorders.
3. Training Coaches to detect Eating disorders.
4. Creating Help lines and Support Groups.